Anti Doping
Introduction To Anti-Doping
Current Framework (in force until 30 November 2025)
The ISMF continues to apply the Code of Ethics as its guiding document for conduct and integrity matters until the entry into force of the new Integrity Code on 1 December 2025.
This Code defines the principles of honesty, respect, equality, and responsibility expected from everyone involved in ski mountaineering.
The ISMF is committed to fair play, a sport free of doping and the principles of the World Anti-Doping Code. This includes the mandatory articles of the Code and all relevant International Standards.
As a consequence, ISMF officials, representatives, member associations and athletes in ISMF-organised or approved events are expected to conduct themselves in a manner that is appropriate for an international federation of sport and in accordance with Anti-Doping Policy and Procedures. Failure to observe the anti-doping policy and procedures shall result in disciplinary sanctions.
The aims of the ISMF’s Anti-Doping Policy and Procedures are to:
- Promote drug-free competitions in ISMF competitions.
- Develop fair and consistent anti-doping procedures and regulations.
- Assist Member Associations in meeting their obligations to their national sports authorities and comply with relevant national legislation (similar to the fields of contracts, human rights, and data protection).
Doping can be harmful to an athlete’s health, damages the integrity of sport, and is morally and ethically wrong. All athletes participating in ISMF competitions must abide by the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
What is doping?
Doping is not just a positive test showing the presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete’s urine sample. Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the 11 Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) outlined in the World Anti-Doping Code and ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
These are:
- Presence of a prohibited substance, its metabolites or markers in an athlete’s sample
- Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete
- Refusing, evading or failing to submit to sample collection by an athlete
- Failure to file whereabouts information and/or missed tests by an athlete
- Tampering or attempted tampering with the doping control process by an athlete or other person
- Possession of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete or athlete support personnel
- Trafficking or attempted trafficking of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete or other person
- Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method to an athlete
- Complicity or attempted complicity in an ADRV by an athlete or other person
- Prohibited Association by an athlete or other person with a sanctioned athlete support personnel
- Acts to discourage or retaliate against reporting to authorities
Why is doping in sport prohibited?
The use of doping substances or doping methods to enhance performance is fundamentally wrong and is detrimental to the overall spirit of sport. Drug misuse can be harmful to an athlete’s health and to other athletes competing in the sport. It severely damages the integrity, image, and value of sport, whether or not the motivation to use drugs is to improve performance. To achieve integrity and fairness in sport, a commitment to clean sport is critical.
What does ‘Strict Liability’ mean?
- The principle of strict liability applies to all athletes who compete in any sport with an anti-doping program. It means that athletes are responsible for any prohibited substance, or its metabolites or markers found to be present in their urine and/or blood sample collected during doping control, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance or method. Therefore, it is important to remember that it is each and every athlete’s ultimate responsibility to know what enters their body.
- The rule which provides that principle, under Code Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, states that it is not necessary that intent, fault, negligence, or knowing use on the athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization to establish an anti-doping rule violation.
Why is doping dangerous?
Doping can result in severe health consequences but also comes with sport, social, financial and legal consequences. For an athlete, doping could spell the end of their sporting career, reputation, and prospects both in and out of sport.
Sport Consequences
The sanctions for an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) can include:
- Provisional Suspension. The athlete or other person is temporarily banned from participating in any competition or activity while waiting for the results management process to be complete or until the final decision is rendered.
- Ineligibility. The athlete or other person is not allowed to compete or participate in any other activity, such as training, coaching, or even access to funding due to an ADRV. This period of ineligibility can be for up to 4 years or even life depending on the circumstances of the ADRV.
- Disqualification of results. The athlete’s results during a particular period, competition or event are invalidated, which comes with forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes.
- Public Disclosure. The Anti-Doping Organization (ADO) informs the general public of the ADRV.
Health Consequences
The health consequences to an athlete can include:
- Physical health. Medications and medical interventions have been developed to treat a particular condition or illness. Not an otherwise healthy athlete. Depending on the substance, the dosage and the consumption frequency, doping products may have particularly negative side effects on health.
- Psychological health. Some doping substances may have an impact on the athlete’s mental health. Anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders or psychosis are direct consequences from doping.
Social Consequences
Some of social consequences of doping include:
- Damage to reputation and image, which can be permanent with media attention, and future clean performances can be met with skepticism.
- Damage to future career prospects.
- Isolation from peers and sport.
- Damaged relationships with friends and family.
- Effects on emotional and psychological well-being.
- Loss of standing, fame, respect and credibility.
Financial Consequences
The financial consequences of doping can include:
- Fines that an Anti-Doping Organization (ADO) may have included in their anti-doping rules including costs associated with an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV).
- Loss of income/financial support, such as government funding, other forms of financial support and by not participating in the competitions.
- Loss of financial support due to withdrawal of sponsor.
- Requirement to reimburse sponsor, if included in the contract.
- Reimbursement of prize money.
- Impact of damaged reputation on future career prospects.
Legal Consequences
In addition to the sport, health, social and financial consequences listed above, doping can come with other legal consequences, such as:
- Some countries have gone beyond the World Anti-Doping Code and made using a prohibited substance a criminal offence (e.g. Austria, Italy, France).
- In some countries, ADRVs related to trafficking, possession or administering a prohibited
substance or some substances on the Prohibited List are considered a criminal offence.
What do athletes and athlete support personnel need to know about anti-doping?
Athletes, their support personnel and others who are subject to anti-doping rules all have rights and responsibilities under the World Anti-Doping Code (Code). Part Three of the Code outlines all of the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the anti-doping system.
Athletes’ Rights
“Every athlete has the right to clean sport!”
Ensuring that athletes are aware of their rights and that these rights are respected is vital to the success of clean sport. WADA’s Athlete Committee (now Athlete Council) drafted the Athletes’ Anti-Doping Rights Act (Act). This Act is made up of two parts. Part one sets out rights that are found in the Code and International Standards. Part two sets out recommended athlete rights that are not found in the Code or International Standards but are rights that athletes recommend that Anti-Doping Organizations (ADOs) adopt for best practice.
Athlete rights outlined in the Code include:
- Equal opportunities in their pursuit of sport, free of participation by other athletes who dope
- Equitable and fair testing programs
- A Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) application process
- To be heard, to have a fair hearing within a reasonable time by a fair, impartial and operationally independent hearing panel, with a timely reasoned decision specifically including an explanation of the reasons of the decision
- Right to appeal the hearing decision
- Any ADO that has jurisdiction over them will be accountable for its action and an athlete shall have the ability to report any compliance issue
- Ability to report Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) through an anonymous mechanism and not be subjected to threats or intimidation
- Receiving anti-doping education
- Fair handling of their personal information by ADOs in accordance with the International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information (ISPPPI) and any local applicable law
- To pursue damages from another athlete whose actions have damaged that athlete by the commission of an ADRV
- During the sample collection process, right to:
- See the identification of the Doping Control Officer (DCO)
- Request additional information about the sample collection process, about the authority under which it will be carried out and on the type of sample collection
- Hydrate
- Be accompanied by a representative and, if available, an interpreter
- Request a delay in reporting to the doping control station for valid reasons (International Standard for Testing and Investigations 5.4.4)
- Request modifications for athletes with impairments (if applicable)
- Be informed of their rights and responsibilities
- Receive a copy of the records of the process
- Have further protections for “protected persons” because of their age or lack of legal capacity
- Request and attend the B sample analysis (in the case of an Adverse Analytical Finding)
Athletes’ Responsibilities
Athletes’ rights to clean sport come with corresponding responsibilities, and athletes may be tested in- and out-of-competition, anytime, anywhere and with no advance notice.
Their clean sport responsibilities include (but are not limited to):
- Complying with the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules (in line with the World Anti-Doping Code)
- Being available for sample collection (urine, blood or dried blood spot (DBS)), whether in-competition or out-of-competition
- Remaining within direct observation of the Doping Control Officer (DCO) or chaperone at all times from notification until the completion of the sample collection process
- Providing identification upon request during the sample collection process
- Ensuring that no prohibited substance enters their body and that no prohibited method is used on them
- Ensuring that any treatment is not prohibited according to the
in force and checking this with the prescribing physicians, or directly with the ISMF if necessary
- Applying to the ISMF if no alternative permitted treatment is possible and a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) is required.
- Reporting immediately for sample collection after being notified of being selected for doping control
- Ensuring the accuracy of the information entered on the Doping Control Form (DCF)
- Cooperating with ADOs investigating ADRVs
- Not working with coaches, trainers, physicians or other athlete support personnel who are ineligible on account of an ADRV or who have been criminally convicted or professionally disciplined in relation to doping (see WADA’s Prohibited Association List) .
Athlete Support Personnel Rights
Athlete support personnel and other persons also have rights and responsibilities under the Code. These include:
- Right to a fair hearing, before an independent hearing panel
- Right to appeal the hearing decision
- Rights regarding data protection, according to the ISPPPI and any local applicable law
Athlete Support Personnel Responsibilities
Athlete support personnel’s responsibilities under the Code include:
- Using their influence on athlete values and behaviors to foster clean sport behaviors
- Knowing and complying with all applicable anti-doping policies and rules, including the ISMFAnti-Doping Rules (in line with the Code)
- Cooperating with the athlete doping control program
- Cooperating with ADOs investigating Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs)
- Informing the relevant IF and/or NADO if they have committed an ADRV in the last 10 years
- Refraining from possessing a prohibited substance (or a prohibited method)*, administering any such substance or method to an athlete, trafficking, covering up an anti-doping rule violation (ADRV) or other forms of complicity and associating with a person convicted of doping (prohibited association). These are ADRVs applicable to athlete support personnel under Article 2 of the World Anti-Doping Code and Article 2 of the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
* Unless the athlete support personnel can establish that the possession is consistent with a TUE granted to an athlete or other acceptable justification. Acceptable justification would include, for example, a team doctor carrying prohibited substances for dealing with acute and emergency situations.
ISMF Recommendation to Athlete Support Personnel
Here are some ways athlete support personnel can support their athletes in their education on clean sport:
- Share the Athlete’s Anti-Doping Rights Act with your athletes
- Register and take a course suitable to you on the WADA’s ADEL platform
- Follow the [ADO] pages on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram where the main updates about anti-doping will be published
- Contact [ADO email] for any questions you may have
What are the organizations involved in protecting clean sport?
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
WADA was established in 1999 as an international independent agency to lead a collaborative worldwide movement for doping-free sport. WADA’s governance and funding are based on equal partnership between the Sport Movement and Governments of the world.
WADA’s primary role is to develop, harmonize and coordinate anti-doping rules and policies across all sports and countries. WADA’s key activities include:
- Scientific and social science research
- Education
- Intelligence & investigations
- Development of anti-doping capacity and capability
- Monitoring of compliance with the World Anti-Doping Program.
For more information about WADA, consult:
- WADA’s website – wada-ama.org
- Play True – “Beyond Winning” video – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-I8h6W53o8c
International Federation (IF)
ISMF is responsible for implementing an effective and Code-compliant anti-doping program for ski mountaineering. Under the World Anti-Doping Code (Code), IFs are required to carry out the following anti-doping activities:
- Providing education programs
- Analyzing the risk of doping in their sport
- Conducting in-competition and out-of-competition testing
- Management of Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUEs) for international-level athletes
- Results Management including sanctioning those who commit Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs)
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
Principles And Values Associated With Clean Sport
ISMF principles and values of a Clean Sport
In association with WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency) and ITA (International Testing Agency), the ISMF is dedicated to complying with world Clean Sport rules and helping to educate and inform ski mountaineering athletes and coaches about its importance and how to effectively follow Clean Sport requirements.
INTRODUCTION TO ANTI-DOPING, PRINCIPLES AND VALUES ASSOCIATED WITH CLEAN SPORT AND THE ANTI-DOPING LANDSCAPE
The use of doping substances or doping methods to enhance performance is fundamentally wrong and is detrimental to the spirit of sport. ISMF strongly refuses every illicit use of medical products to improve the athletic performance.
The discipline of ski mountaineering at the same time promotes and is based on the fundamental values of the Olympic Movement. Above all, the spirit of ISMF is particularly enhanced by the following principles and values:
- Respect between athletes, officials, referees and spectators;
- Politeness;
- Loyalty;
- Sportsmanship;
- Observance of the rules.
Drug misuse is a harm to the abovementioned values and it is a serious threat to the athletes’ health.
To honour our previously expressed principles and values, a commitment to Clean Sport is critical.
WADA is the independent international body responsible for harmonising Anti-Doping policies in all sports and all countries. The World Anti-Doping Code (Code) is the core document that harmonises Anti-Doping rules around the world. The Code is supplemented by eight International Standards, including the Prohibited List that is updated at least annually.
As a Signatory of the World Anti-Doping Code, the ISMF is responsible for implementing an effective and Code-compliant Anti-Doping programme for the sport of ski mountaineering. The ISMF also has its own set of Anti-Doping Rules and it is important that those involved in the sport are familiar with them.
The ISMF is particularly producing efforts in the education of the stakeholders of the whole ski mountaineering world, those are athletes, coaches, relatives, supporting personnel.
These rules can all be found here: International Ski Mountaineering Federation Anti-Doping Rules.
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
The Anti-Doping Landscape
Rights And Responsibilities Under The Code
Current Framework (in force until 30 November 2025)
The ISMF continues to apply the Code of Ethics as its guiding document for conduct and integrity matters until the entry into force of the new Integrity Code on 1 December 2025.
This Code defines the principles of honesty, respect, equality, and responsibility expected from everyone involved in ski mountaineering.
The ISMF is committed to fair play, a sport free of doping and the principles of the World Anti-Doping Code. This includes the mandatory articles of the Code and all relevant International Standards.
As a consequence, ISMF officials, representatives, member associations and athletes in ISMF-organised or approved events are expected to conduct themselves in a manner that is appropriate for an international federation of sport and in accordance with Anti-Doping Policy and Procedures. Failure to observe the anti-doping policy and procedures shall result in disciplinary sanctions.
The aims of the ISMF’s Anti-Doping Policy and Procedures are to:
- Promote drug-free competitions in ISMF competitions.
- Develop fair and consistent anti-doping procedures and regulations.
- Assist Member Associations in meeting their obligations to their national sports authorities and comply with relevant national legislation (similar to the fields of contracts, human rights, and data protection).
Doping can be harmful to an athlete’s health, damages the integrity of sport, and is morally and ethically wrong. All athletes participating in ISMF competitions must abide by the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
What is doping?
Doping is not just a positive test showing the presence of a prohibited substance in an athlete’s urine sample. Doping is defined as the occurrence of one or more of the 11 Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) outlined in the World Anti-Doping Code and ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
These are:
- Presence of a prohibited substance, its metabolites or markers in an athlete’s sample
- Use or attempted use of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete
- Refusing, evading or failing to submit to sample collection by an athlete
- Failure to file whereabouts information and/or missed tests by an athlete
- Tampering or attempted tampering with the doping control process by an athlete or other person
- Possession of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete or athlete support personnel
- Trafficking or attempted trafficking of a prohibited substance or method by an athlete or other person
- Administering or attempting to administer a prohibited substance or method to an athlete
- Complicity or attempted complicity in an ADRV by an athlete or other person
- Prohibited Association by an athlete or other person with a sanctioned athlete support personnel
- Acts to discourage or retaliate against reporting to authorities
Why is doping in sport prohibited?
The use of doping substances or doping methods to enhance performance is fundamentally wrong and is detrimental to the overall spirit of sport. Drug misuse can be harmful to an athlete’s health and to other athletes competing in the sport. It severely damages the integrity, image, and value of sport, whether or not the motivation to use drugs is to improve performance. To achieve integrity and fairness in sport, a commitment to clean sport is critical.
What does ‘Strict Liability’ mean?
- The principle of strict liability applies to all athletes who compete in any sport with an anti-doping program. It means that athletes are responsible for any prohibited substance, or its metabolites or markers found to be present in their urine and/or blood sample collected during doping control, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance or method. Therefore, it is important to remember that it is each and every athlete’s ultimate responsibility to know what enters their body.
- The rule which provides that principle, under Code Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, states that it is not necessary that intent, fault, negligence, or knowing use on the athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization to establish an anti-doping rule violation.
Why is doping dangerous?
Doping can result in severe health consequences but also comes with sport, social, financial and legal consequences. For an athlete, doping could spell the end of their sporting career, reputation, and prospects both in and out of sport.
Sport Consequences
The sanctions for an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) can include:
- Provisional Suspension. The athlete or other person is temporarily banned from participating in any competition or activity while waiting for the results management process to be complete or until the final decision is rendered.
- Ineligibility. The athlete or other person is not allowed to compete or participate in any other activity, such as training, coaching, or even access to funding due to an ADRV. This period of ineligibility can be for up to 4 years or even life depending on the circumstances of the ADRV.
- Disqualification of results. The athlete’s results during a particular period, competition or event are invalidated, which comes with forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes.
- Public Disclosure. The Anti-Doping Organization (ADO) informs the general public of the ADRV.
Health Consequences
The health consequences to an athlete can include:
- Physical health. Medications and medical interventions have been developed to treat a particular condition or illness. Not an otherwise healthy athlete. Depending on the substance, the dosage and the consumption frequency, doping products may have particularly negative side effects on health.
- Psychological health. Some doping substances may have an impact on the athlete’s mental health. Anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders or psychosis are direct consequences from doping.
Social Consequences
Some of social consequences of doping include:
- Damage to reputation and image, which can be permanent with media attention, and future clean performances can be met with skepticism.
- Damage to future career prospects.
- Isolation from peers and sport.
- Damaged relationships with friends and family.
- Effects on emotional and psychological well-being.
- Loss of standing, fame, respect and credibility.
Financial Consequences
The financial consequences of doping can include:
- Fines that an Anti-Doping Organization (ADO) may have included in their anti-doping rules including costs associated with an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV).
- Loss of income/financial support, such as government funding, other forms of financial support and by not participating in the competitions.
- Loss of financial support due to withdrawal of sponsor.
- Requirement to reimburse sponsor, if included in the contract.
- Reimbursement of prize money.
- Impact of damaged reputation on future career prospects.
Legal Consequences
In addition to the sport, health, social and financial consequences listed above, doping can come with other legal consequences, such as:
- Some countries have gone beyond the World Anti-Doping Code and made using a prohibited substance a criminal offence (e.g. Austria, Italy, France).
- In some countries, ADRVs related to trafficking, possession or administering a prohibited
substance or some substances on the Prohibited List are considered a criminal offence.
What do athletes and athlete support personnel need to know about anti-doping?
Athletes, their support personnel and others who are subject to anti-doping rules all have rights and responsibilities under the World Anti-Doping Code (Code). Part Three of the Code outlines all of the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the anti-doping system.
Athletes’ Rights
“Every athlete has the right to clean sport!”
Ensuring that athletes are aware of their rights and that these rights are respected is vital to the success of clean sport. WADA’s Athlete Committee (now Athlete Council) drafted the Athletes’ Anti-Doping Rights Act (Act). This Act is made up of two parts. Part one sets out rights that are found in the Code and International Standards. Part two sets out recommended athlete rights that are not found in the Code or International Standards but are rights that athletes recommend that Anti-Doping Organizations (ADOs) adopt for best practice.
Athlete rights outlined in the Code include:
- Equal opportunities in their pursuit of sport, free of participation by other athletes who dope
- Equitable and fair testing programs
- A Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) application process
- To be heard, to have a fair hearing within a reasonable time by a fair, impartial and operationally independent hearing panel, with a timely reasoned decision specifically including an explanation of the reasons of the decision
- Right to appeal the hearing decision
- Any ADO that has jurisdiction over them will be accountable for its action and an athlete shall have the ability to report any compliance issue
- Ability to report Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs) through an anonymous mechanism and not be subjected to threats or intimidation
- Receiving anti-doping education
- Fair handling of their personal information by ADOs in accordance with the International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information (ISPPPI) and any local applicable law
- To pursue damages from another athlete whose actions have damaged that athlete by the commission of an ADRV
- During the sample collection process, right to:
- See the identification of the Doping Control Officer (DCO)
- Request additional information about the sample collection process, about the authority under which it will be carried out and on the type of sample collection
- Hydrate
- Be accompanied by a representative and, if available, an interpreter
- Request a delay in reporting to the doping control station for valid reasons (International Standard for Testing and Investigations 5.4.4)
- Request modifications for athletes with impairments (if applicable)
- Be informed of their rights and responsibilities
- Receive a copy of the records of the process
- Have further protections for “protected persons” because of their age or lack of legal capacity
- Request and attend the B sample analysis (in the case of an Adverse Analytical Finding)
Athletes’ Responsibilities
Athletes’ rights to clean sport come with corresponding responsibilities, and athletes may be tested in- and out-of-competition, anytime, anywhere and with no advance notice.
Their clean sport responsibilities include (but are not limited to):
- Complying with the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules (in line with the World Anti-Doping Code)
- Being available for sample collection (urine, blood or dried blood spot (DBS)), whether in-competition or out-of-competition
- Remaining within direct observation of the Doping Control Officer (DCO) or chaperone at all times from notification until the completion of the sample collection process
- Providing identification upon request during the sample collection process
- Ensuring that no prohibited substance enters their body and that no prohibited method is used on them
- Ensuring that any treatment is not prohibited according to the
in force and checking this with the prescribing physicians, or directly with the ISMF if necessary
- Applying to the ISMF if no alternative permitted treatment is possible and a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) is required.
- Reporting immediately for sample collection after being notified of being selected for doping control
- Ensuring the accuracy of the information entered on the Doping Control Form (DCF)
- Cooperating with ADOs investigating ADRVs
- Not working with coaches, trainers, physicians or other athlete support personnel who are ineligible on account of an ADRV or who have been criminally convicted or professionally disciplined in relation to doping (see WADA’s Prohibited Association List) .
Athlete Support Personnel Rights
Athlete support personnel and other persons also have rights and responsibilities under the Code. These include:
- Right to a fair hearing, before an independent hearing panel
- Right to appeal the hearing decision
- Rights regarding data protection, according to the ISPPPI and any local applicable law
Athlete Support Personnel Responsibilities
Athlete support personnel’s responsibilities under the Code include:
- Using their influence on athlete values and behaviors to foster clean sport behaviors
- Knowing and complying with all applicable anti-doping policies and rules, including the ISMFAnti-Doping Rules (in line with the Code)
- Cooperating with the athlete doping control program
- Cooperating with ADOs investigating Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs)
- Informing the relevant IF and/or NADO if they have committed an ADRV in the last 10 years
- Refraining from possessing a prohibited substance (or a prohibited method)*, administering any such substance or method to an athlete, trafficking, covering up an anti-doping rule violation (ADRV) or other forms of complicity and associating with a person convicted of doping (prohibited association). These are ADRVs applicable to athlete support personnel under Article 2 of the World Anti-Doping Code and Article 2 of the ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
* Unless the athlete support personnel can establish that the possession is consistent with a TUE granted to an athlete or other acceptable justification. Acceptable justification would include, for example, a team doctor carrying prohibited substances for dealing with acute and emergency situations.
ISMF Recommendation to Athlete Support Personnel
Here are some ways athlete support personnel can support their athletes in their education on clean sport:
- Share the Athlete’s Anti-Doping Rights Act with your athletes
- Register and take a course suitable to you on the WADA’s ADEL platform
- Follow the [ADO] pages on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram where the main updates about anti-doping will be published
- Contact [ADO email] for any questions you may have
What are the organizations involved in protecting clean sport?
World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
WADA was established in 1999 as an international independent agency to lead a collaborative worldwide movement for doping-free sport. WADA’s governance and funding are based on equal partnership between the Sport Movement and Governments of the world.
WADA’s primary role is to develop, harmonize and coordinate anti-doping rules and policies across all sports and countries. WADA’s key activities include:
- Scientific and social science research
- Education
- Intelligence & investigations
- Development of anti-doping capacity and capability
- Monitoring of compliance with the World Anti-Doping Program.
For more information about WADA, consult:
- WADA’s website – wada-ama.org
- Play True – “Beyond Winning” video – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-I8h6W53o8c
International Federation (IF)
ISMF is responsible for implementing an effective and Code-compliant anti-doping program for ski mountaineering. Under the World Anti-Doping Code (Code), IFs are required to carry out the following anti-doping activities:
- Providing education programs
- Analyzing the risk of doping in their sport
- Conducting in-competition and out-of-competition testing
- Management of Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUEs) for international-level athletes
- Results Management including sanctioning those who commit Anti-Doping Rule Violations (ADRVs)
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
The Principle Of Strict Liability
Anti-Doping Rule Violations
Doping violations
List of sanctions_ski mountaineering (ITA website)
Provisional suspension with relevant communication on 28/02/2025:
Enrico Pellegrini (Italy) The ITA notifies ski mountaineering athlete Enrico Pellegrini of an apparent anti-doping rule violation – International Testing Agency
Substances And Methods On The Prohibited List
Use Of Medications & Risks Of Supplements Use
RISK OF SUPPLEMENT USE:
Extreme caution is recommended regarding supplement use. A number of positive tests have been attributed to the misuse of supplements, poor labeling or contamination of dietary supplements.
The use of supplements by athletes is a concern because in many countries the manufacturing and labeling of supplements may not follow strict rules, which may lead to a supplement containing an undeclared substance that is prohibited under anti-doping regulations. Pleading that a poorly labeled dietary supplement was taken is not an adequate defense in a doping hearing.
Risks of supplements include:
- Manufacturing standards, which are often less strict when compared with medications. These lower standards often lead to supplement contamination with an undeclared prohibited substance, for example when manufacturing equipment isn’t cleaned to the required standards and contains remnants of ingredients from a previous product.
- Fake or low-quality products which may contain prohibited substances and be harmful to health.
- Mislabeling of supplements with ingredients wrongly listed and prohibited substances not identified on the product label.
- False claims that a particular supplement is endorsed by Anti-Doping Organizations (ADOs) or that it is “safe for athletes”. Remember, ADOs do not certify supplements and the product label may contain misleading messaging.
Athletes should do a risk-benefit assessment if they are considering the use of supplements. The first step of such an assessment is to consider whether a “food-first” approach meets the athlete’s needs. Whenever possible, such assessment should be done with a support of a certified nutritionist or other qualified professional who is familiar with the global and ISMF Anti-Doping Rules.
Checking your supplements
If, after careful consideration, an athlete chooses to use supplements, they must take the necessary steps to minimize the risks associated with supplements. This includes:
- Thorough research on the type and dose of the supplement, preferably with the advice of a certified nutritionist or other qualified professional who is familiar with Anti-Doping Rules.
- Only selecting supplements that have been “batch-tested” by an independent company.
- Remembering what supplement they take, keep some of it in case they get a positive result, and keep any proof of purchase and declare it on the Doping Control Form (DCF).
Remember, no supplement is 100% risk-free but athletes and athlete support personnel can take certain steps to minimize these risks.
Neither WADA nor the ISMF is involved in any supplement certification process and therefore do not certify or endorse manufacturers or their products. WADA and the ISMF do not control the quality or the claims of the supplements industry.
Therapeutic Use Exemptions (Tues)
THERAPEUTIC USE EXEMPTION PROCESS
What is a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE)?
- The athlete has a clear diagnosed medical condition which requires treatment using a prohibited substance or method;
- The therapeutic use of the substance will not, on the balance of probabilities produce significant enhancement of performance beyond the athlete’s normal state of health;
- The prohibited substance or method is an indicated treatment for the medical condition, and there is no reasonable permitted therapeutic alternative;
- The necessity to use that substance or method is not a consequence of the prior use (without a TUE), of a substance or method which was prohibited at the time of use.
Who should apply for a TUE? Where and when to apply?
The International Ski Mountaineering Federation (ISMF) has delegated responsibility for all TUE applications to the International Testing Agency (ITA). This means that the ITA is now fully responsible for the TUE application process for all international-level athletes that fall under ISMF’s jurisdiction.
Athletes who are subject to anti-doping rules would need a TUE to take a prohibited substance or use a prohibited method. You should verify with the ITA to know to whom you need to apply and if you can apply retroactively.
First, check if the required medication or method you intend to take, or use is prohibited as per the 2025 Prohibited List – 2026 Prohibited List (2025 Summary of Major Modifications and Explanatory Notes).
You may also use a ‘check your medication’ online like globalDRO (https://globaldro.com) or ask your NADO if it has one.
You have a responsibility to inform your physician(s) that you are an Athlete bound to anti-doping rules. You and your physician(s) should check the 2025 Prohibited List (2026 Prohibited List) for the substance/method you are prescribed. If the substance/method is prohibited, discuss non-prohibited alternatives, if there are none, apply for a TUE. Remember Athletes have the ultimate responsibility. Contact your NADO or the ITA if you are having difficulties in assessing the status of a substance.
Then, verify below your status, to determine your competition level and TUE application requirements:
International Level Definition
Athletes who participate in the following ISMF International Events: World Cups, Youth World Cups, World Championships, Continental Championships, and ISMF series as published by ISMF on its website at http://www.ismf-ski.org.
==> If it is determined that you are an International-Level Athlete you must apply to the ITA in advance, as soon as the need arises, unless there are emergency or exceptional circumstances.
For substances prohibited in-competition only, you should apply for a TUE at least 30 days before your next competition, unless one of the exceptions on retroactive TUEs (see below) apply.
Please refer to the section “How to apply to the ITA for a TUE?” below.
If you already have a TUE granted by your National Anti-Doping Organization (NADO):
ITA’s TUEC will automatically recognise it for purposes of international-level Competition if it satisfies the ISTUE criteria for granting a TUE
==> If you are NOT an International-Level Athlete and you have been tested by the ISMF, ITA’s TUEC recognizes a valid TUE granted by your NADO (i.e., it satisfies the ISTUE criteria for granting a TUE); unless you are required to apply for recognition of the TUE because you are competing in an international event.
If you are NOT a National-Level Athlete as defined by your NADO and you have been tested by the ISMF, you must apply for a retroactive TUE to the ITA.
- You required emergency or urgent treatment of a medical condition.
- There was insufficient time, opportunity or other exceptional circumstances that prevented you from submitting the TUE application, or having it evaluated, before getting tested.
- You are a lower level athlete who is not under the jurisdiction of the ISMF or NADO and were tested.
- You tested positive after using a substance Out-of-Competition that is only prohibited In-Competition (for example glucocorticoids).
In rare and exceptional circumstances and notwithstanding any other provision in the ISTUE, you may apply for and be granted retroactive approval for a therapeutic use of a prohibited substance or method, if considering the purpose of the Code, it would be manifestly unfair not to grant a retroactive TUE. An Anti-Doping Organization may grant an Athlete’s application for a retroactive TUE pursuant to this Article only with the prior approval of WADA (and WADA may in its absolute discretion agree with or reject the Anti-Doping Organization’s decision).”
This unique retroactive TUE will only be granted with the prior approval of WADA (and WADA may in its absolute discretion agree with or reject the ITA’s TUEC decision).
Important note:
Using a prohibited substance or method without a TUE could result in an Anti-Doping Rule Violation.
In case an application for a retroactive TUE is necessary following sample collection, you are strongly advised to have a medical file prepared and ready to submit for evaluation.
- A comprehensive medical history, including documentation from the original diagnosing physician(s) (where possible);
- The results of all examinations, laboratory investigations and imaging studies relevant to the application.
Any costs incurred by the Athlete in making the TUE application and in supplementing it as required by the TUEC are the responsibility of the Athlete.
Any TUE application that is not complete or legible will not be dealt with and will be returned for completion and re-submission.
To assist you and your doctor in providing the correct medical documentation, we suggest consulting the WADA’s Checklists for TUE applications for guidance and support, and Medical Information to Support the Decisions of TUECs for guidance on specific common medical conditions, treatments, substances, etc.
Keep a complete copy of the TUE application form and all medical information submitted in support of your application, and proof that it has been sent.
How to submit a request for recognition of my NADO’s TUE to the ITA?
ITA’s TUEC will automatically recognise your TUE for purposes of international-level Competition without the need to review the relevant clinical information. If the TUE is correctly entered in ADAMS, there is no need to contact us. Nevertheless, should you require a confirmation, you can submit your request to the ITA in writing quoting your ADAMS TUE reference number.
You can download your TUE certificate directly from ADAMS.
What happens at Major Events?
You must verify with the Major Event, what are its TUE requirements.
Before the Period of the Games
You should follow the normal process and submit new requests to your IF or NADO. Pre-existing TUEs will follow the recognition process provided they are entered in ADAMS.
During the Period of the Games
All Athletes participating in the Olympic Games must contact the ITA office located in the polyclinic of the Olympic Village.
When will I receive a decision on my TUE application [or request for recognition]?
The ITA’s TUEC must render a decision as soon as possible, and usually within 21 days from the date of receipt of the complete TUE application, or request for recognition, unless in exceptional circumstances.
What if I need to renew my TUE?
Each TUE has a specific duration, at the end of which it expires automatically. Should you need to continue to use the prohibited substance or method, it is your responsibility to submit a new application for a TUE with updated medical information ahead of the expiry date, so that there is sufficient time for a decision to be made prior to the expiry of the current TUE.
Important note:
The presence (following sample collection), use, possession or administration of the prohibited substance or method must be consistent with the terms of your TUE. Therefore, if you require a materially different dosage, frequency, route or duration of administration, you should contact the ITA, as you may be required to apply for a new TUE. Some substances and dosages, e.g. insulin, are often modified during treatment and these possible fluctuations should be mentioned by the treating physician in the TUE application and would usually be accepted by the ITA’s TUEC.
What if my ISMF TUE application is denied?
A decision to deny a TUE application will include a written explanation of the reason(s) for the denial. If it is not clear to you, please contact the ITA to understand exactly why the TUE was denied. Sometimes, there may be a critical piece of information, diagnostic test, laboratory results missing, etc. In which case, you should re-apply to us.
You and/or your NADO may refer the matter to WADA for review no later than 21 days after notification of the ITA’s TUEC decision. You should send the same information that you submitted to us, and on which the decision to deny the TUE was based on, via a secure on-line method or by registered mail at:
WADA Medical Department
World Anti-Doping Agency
Stock Exchange Tower
800 Place Victoria (Suite 1700)
P.O. Box 120
Montreal (Quebec) H4Z 1B7
Canada
The email address to enquire and/or send the request for review is: medical@wada-ama.org
It should be noted that WADA is not obliged to proceed with a request for a review. In that case, you and/or your NADO may appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).
What if my NADO’s TUE is not recognized by the ISMF?
You and/or your NADO have 21 days from the date of decision to refer the matter to WADA for review. The email address to enquire and/or send the request for review is: medical@wada-ama.org. Alternatively, you may send to:
WADA Medical Department
World Anti-Doping Agency
Stock Exchange Tower
800 Place Victoria (Suite 1700)
P.O. Box 120
Montreal (Quebec) H4Z 1B7
Canada
The same information that was provided to your NADO should be submitted to WADA. Please use a secure on-line method unless sending by registered mail.
Pending WADA’s decision, your NADO TUE remains valid for national-level competition and out-of-competition testing only.
If the matter is not referred to WADA for review, your NADO must determine whether the original TUE that was granted should remain valid for national-level Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing.
Will my medical information be treated in a confidential manner?
All the information contained in a TUE application, including the supporting medical information and any other information related to the evaluation of your TUE request is kept strictly confidential and treated in accordance with the Athlete’s Declaration contained in the ADAMS TUE and in the TUE Application Form which can be found here. All members of the TUEC and any other authorized recipients of your TUE request and related information (as described in the Athlete’s Declaration) are subject to a professional or contractual confidentiality obligation.
Please review the terms of the Athlete’s Declaration carefully. In particular, note that should you wish to revoke the right of the ITA’s TUEC to obtain the information related to your TUE in accordance with the Athlete’s Declaration, your TUE application will be deemed withdrawn without approval [or recognition] being granted.
Your TUE request-related information will be retained by the ISMF, ITA’s TUEC and any other authorized recipients for no longer than necessary for the purposes stated in the Athlete’s Declaration, in accordance with the International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information.
Contact information
For any further information and questions in relation to personal information practices, please contact the ITA at privacy@ita.sport or the ISMF.
If you have a doubt as regards to which organization you should apply for a TUE, or as to the recognition process, or any other question about TUEs, please contact: tue@ita.sport.
Other useful links:
WADA Checklists for TUE Applications
WADA Guidelines for the International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions (ISTUE)
WADA Guidelines for the International Standard for Testing and Investigations (ISTI)
WADA Guidelines for the International Standard for Results Management (ISRM)
WADA Anti-Doping Education and Learning (ADEL)
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
Testing Procedures - Urine, Blood & The Abp
DOPING CONTROLS
The aim of testing is to protect clean athletes through the detection and deterrence of doping.
Any athlete under the testing jurisdiction of the ISMF may be tested at any time, with no advance notice, in- or out-of-competition, and be required to provide a urine, blood sample or blood for a Dried Blood Spot (DBS) analysis.
The 11 steps of the doping control of urine testing procedure
- Athlete Selection
- Notification
- Reporting to the Doping Control Station
- Selection of a Collection Vessel
- Provision of Sample
- Volume of Urine
- Selection of a Sample Collection Kit
- Splitting the Sample
- Sealing the Samples
- Measuring Specific Gravity
- Completion of the Doping Control Form
VIDEO: WORLD ANTI-DOPING AGENCY – THE DOPING CONTROL PROCESS FOR ATHLETES
1. ATHLETE SELECTION
Athlete can be selected for doping control at any time and any place.
2. NOTIFICATION
A Doping Control Officer (DCO) or chaperon will notify the Athlete that he has been selected for doping control. The DCO (Doping Control Offficier) or chaperon will inform the Athlete of his rights and responsibilities. These include the right to have a representative present throughout the process. The Athlete will be asked to sign a form confirming that he has been selected for doping control.
3. REPORTING TO THE DOPING CONTROL STATION
Athlete should report immediately to the doping control station. The DCO or chaperon may allow the Athlete to delay reporting to the station for an activity such as a news conference or to complete a training session. However, once the Athlete has been notified and selected for doping control, the DCO or chaperone will accompany him until the completion of the sample collection process. The DCO may allow a delay in reporting for a valid reason.
4. SELECTION OF A COLLECTION VESSEL
Athlete will be given a choice of individually sealed collection vessels. Athlete may select one. Athlete should verify that the equipment is intact and has not been tampered with. Athlete should, at all times, maintain control of the collection vessel.
5. PROVIDING A SAMPLE
During the sample provision, only the Athlete and the DCO or chaperon of the same gender are permitted in the washroom. The Athlete will be asked to wash hands. The Athlete will then be asked to raise or lower clothing so that the DCO or chaperon has an unobstructed view while the Athlete provides the sample. Athlete and DCO must inspect the equipment and verify the sample code numbers.
6. VOLUME OF URINE
The DCO shall ensure, with the Athlete in full view, that he provided the minimum required volume of 90 mL. If at first the Athlete is unable to provide 90 mL, he will be asked to provide more until that level is met.
7. SELECTION OF SAMPLE COLLECTION KIT
Athlete will be given a choice of individual sealed sample collection kits to choose one. Athlete should verify the equipment is intact and has not been tampered with and open the kit. Confirm the sample code numbers on the bottles, the lids and containers all match.
8. SPLITTING THE SAMPLE
The Athlete will split the sample, pouring at least 30 mL into the B bottle and the remaining urine of 60 ml or more into the A bottle. Athlete will be asked to leave a small amount in the collection vessel. The reason for this is so the DCO can measure its specific gravity. Athlete should pour the urine unless he needs help. In this instance, Athlete will need to provide consent of his representative or the DCO to pour on his behalf.
9. SEALING THE SAMPLES
Next, seal both the A and B bottles. Athlete and the DCO should verify that the bottles are sealed properly.
10. MEASURING SPECIFIC GRAVITY
The DCO is required to measure the sample‚ specific gravity. If it does not meet certain requirements, Athlete will be asked to provide another sample.
11. COMPLETING THE DOPING CONTROL FORM
On this form, Athlete should provide information about any medication, prescription or non-prescription or dietary supplements the Athlete has taken recently. This form is also the place to note any comments Athlete may have regarding any part of the doping control process.
Athlete will be asked for consent that sample could be used anonymously for research once the analysis for doping control purposes is completed. Athlete may say yes or no.
Athlete should be absolutely certain everything is correct, including the sample code number and to be sure, too, that the laboratory copy of the form does not include any information that could identify Athlete.
Athlete will be asked to sign the form.
At the completion of collection, Athlete will receive a copy of the doping control form.
Blood testing procedure
Steps for blood testing procedure is the same as for urine until the point where athlete should check kits for blood doping control. Athletes should choose and inspect the security kits, vacutainer tubes, and accessory kits to ensure they have not been tampered with and are not defective. Security kits contain the security bottles used to transport blood sample to the lab; vacutainer kits include the vacutainer tubes for the collection of blood; and accessory kits contain the butterfly needle, straight needle, and other after-care supplies. Athletes should also check the contents of the security kits to confirm the sample code numbers on the bottles and labels match. Athletes should remove the shrink wrap from the bottles. The lids should be placed on the table with the sanitation cover down. Depending what kind of blood analyses is required, athlete will need to be seated at least 10 minutes before the blood is taken.
BCO will begin the blood collection process by selecting a location on the athlete’s skin from where to draw the blood and cleaning the area with a sterile disinfectant swab. The BCO will apply a tourniquet to aid in the collection, and the BCO will begin to draw the blood sample. A blood draw will be attempted a maximum of three times. The BCO will label each tube with the corresponding sample code number for the security bottles, confirming with the athlete. The DCO will direct the BCO to place the lids on the bottles and twist once. The athlete will then twist the lids on the bottles until secure. The DCO will guide the athlete through the remaining paperwork corresponding to the blood collection session.
The Laboratory process
Athlete samples are packed for shipping by a secure process.
Athlete samples are sent to a WADA-accredited laboratory. When processing samples, that lab will adhere to the International Standard for Laboratories, ensuring the chain of custody is maintained. A sample is analyzed. B sample is securely stored. It may be used to confirm an Adverse Analytical Finding from the A sample. The lab will report the results of the Athlete’s sample analysis to the responsible Anti-Doping Organization and to WADA.
B Sample process
Laboratories analyse samples solely by code numbers, not by athletes names. A laboratory that has analysed an athlete’s A sample reports the results simultaneously to WADA and to the particular Anti-Doping Organization.
Adverse Analytical finding
If an Athlete’s A sample reports a positive result or in the language of the Code, an Adverse Analytical Finding, the organization responsible for results management will conduct an initial review.
That review is focused on two parts:
- Does the Athlete have a Therapeutic Use Exemption for the substance found in the sample?
- Was the sample collection and analysis done according to procedures?
Athlete will be notified in writing of the results and rights regarding the analysis B sample.
If an Athlete requests a B sample analysis, or if the Anti-Doping Organization requests a B sample analysis, the Athlete may attend or choose to send a representative on his behalf.
In the meantime, a Provisional Suspension must be imposed when an A sample returns an Adverse Analytical Finding due to a Prohibited Method or for a Prohibited Substance other than a Specified Substance. At the same time, the Code grants the Athlete important hearing rights, should the Athlete choose to exercise them, in connection with the imposition of such a suspension. These opportunities can depend on the timing of an individual case.
If the B sample confirms the analysis of the A sample, the Anti-Doping Organization will proceed with the results management process, including the Athlete’s right to a fair hearing.
If the B sample does not confirm the analysis of the A sample, no further action will be taken and any Provisional Suspension will be lifted.
What is ABP – athlete biological passport?
The fundamental principle of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) is to monitor selected biological variables over time that indirectly reveal the effects of doping rather than attempting to detect the doping substance or method itself.
More info can be found on WADA website https://www.wada-ama.org/en/resources/world-anti-doping-program/athlete-biological-passport-abp-operating-guidelines
Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations and Doping
An athlete runs very high risks by consuming doping substances or by using prohibited methods. This may result in very severe health but also financial, legal and social consequences. The athletes’ consequences of doping could spell the end of sporting career, reputation, and future prospects both in and out of sport.
An Athlete’s or other Person’s violation of an anti-doping rule may result in one or more of the following:
- Disqualification means the Athlete’s results in a particular Competition or Event are invalidated, with all resulting Consequences including forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes.
- Ineligibility means the Athlete or other Person is barred on account of an anti-doping rule violation for a specified period of time from participating in any Competition or other activity or funding as provided in Article 10.14.
- Provisional Suspension means the Athlete or other Person is barred temporarily from participating in any Competition or activity prior to the final decision at a hearing conducted under Article 8.
- Financial Consequences means a financial sanction imposed for an anti-doping rule violation or to recover costs associated with an anti-doping rule violation. As regards high-performance sport, anti-doping rules often leads to a loss of income, the reimbursement of prize moneys and of the sponsorship money.
- Public Disclosure means the dissemination or distribution of information to the general public or Persons beyond those Persons entitled to earlier notification. Teams in Team Sports may also be subject to Consequences.
- Medical Consequences: Physical health: depending on the substance, the dosage, and the consumption frequency, doping products may have particularly negative side effects on health. Some damages for the body are irreversible and may lead that the athlete’s life be in great danger. Psychological health: some doping substances may not be detrimental to the body but exercise an impact on mental health. It was scientifically evidenced that anxiety, obsessive disorders, or psychosis are direct consequences from doping. More info can be find https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/WADA_Dangers_of_Doping_EN.pdf
- Social Consequences: The existence of an athlete who was held guilty for doping may be completely disrupted. Doping may also be prejudicial to the fame, respect, and creditworthiness. Even future negative findings are regularly questioned by the media and the entourage. The poor image will remain in the collective unconscious and the athlete will remain isolated. Further to these sanctions, an athlete who has been found guilty of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is often exposed to a level of media attention that can result in permanent damage to their reputation.
Requirements Of The Registered Testing Pool
Registred Testing Pool
In accordance with WADA’s International Standards for Testing & Investigation, the ISMF has created the Registered Testing Pool (RTP). The RTP of highest-priority Athletes established separately at the international level by ISMF and at the national level by NADO, who are subject to focused In-Competition and Out-of-Competition Testing and therefore are required to provide whereabouts information as provided in Article 5.6 of the Code and the International Standard for Testing and Investigations (WADA International Standard for Testing and Investigations 2023).
Athletes who are chosen to be in Registered testing pool need to provide whereabouts information. Providing whereabouts is about protecting right to clean sport. Whereabouts information gives the ISMF the ability to locate athletes with no notice. Knowing where athletes can be found for testing is crucial for ensuring effective anti-doping program. Athletes in registered testing pool are asked to provide whereabouts information to ISMF about:
- home address
- training information and locations
- competition schedules
- regular personal activities such as work or school.
For those athletes included in a RTP, one 60-minute time period a day, where athlete will be available for testing, must also be provided.
WADA’s Anti-Doping Administration and Management System (ADAMS), is an online tool that athletes can access anytime and anywhere to update their whereabouts information. ADAMS is free, easy to use, and its multi-level access control ensures the privacy and security of information.
How do athletes know they need to provide whereabouts?
Athletes who need to provide whereabouts in ADAMS are notified by the IF/NADO of their inclusion in a testing pool as well as what information exactly is required of them, how to use ADAMS, deadlines to submit this information and any consequences if the information required is not submitted.
What do RTP/TP athletes need to know?
Should athletes have any query on ADAMS, such as how to submit whereabouts, please refer to the ADAMS Help Center.
Consequences Of Doping
Consequences of Anti-Doping Rule Violations and Doping
An athlete runs very high risks by consuming doping substances or by using prohibited methods. This may result in very severe health but also financial, legal and social consequences. The athletes’ consequences of doping could spell the end of sporting career, reputation, and future prospects both in and out of sport.
An Athlete’s or other Person’s violation of an anti-doping rule may result in one or more of the following:
- Disqualification means the Athlete’s results in a particular Competition or Event are invalidated, with all resulting Consequences including forfeiture of any medals, points and prizes.
- Ineligibility means the Athlete or other Person is barred on account of an anti-doping rule violation for a specified period of time from participating in any Competition or other activity or funding as provided in Article 10.14.
- Provisional Suspension means the Athlete or other Person is barred temporarily from participating in any Competition or activity prior to the final decision at a hearing conducted under Article 8.
- Financial Consequences means a financial sanction imposed for an anti-doping rule violation or to recover costs associated with an anti-doping rule violation. As regards high-performance sport, anti-doping rules often leads to a loss of income, the reimbursement of prize moneys and of the sponsorship money.
- Public Disclosure means the dissemination or distribution of information to the general public or Persons beyond those Persons entitled to earlier notification. Teams in Team Sports may also be subject to Consequences.
- Medical Consequences: Physical health: depending on the substance, the dosage, and the consumption frequency, doping products may have particularly negative side effects on health. Some damages for the body are irreversible and may lead that the athlete’s life be in great danger. Psychological health: some doping substances may not be detrimental to the body but exercise an impact on mental health. It was scientifically evidenced that anxiety, obsessive disorders, or psychosis are direct consequences from doping. More info can be find https://www.wada-ama.org/sites/default/files/resources/files/WADA_Dangers_of_Doping_EN.pdf
- Social Consequences: The existence of an athlete who was held guilty for doping may be completely disrupted. Doping may also be prejudicial to the fame, respect, and creditworthiness. Even future negative findings are regularly questioned by the media and the entourage. The poor image will remain in the collective unconscious and the athlete will remain isolated. Further to these sanctions, an athlete who has been found guilty of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation is often exposed to a level of media attention that can result in permanent damage to their reputation.
Revealing Suspicious Activity
REVEAL is a platform where you can share information about doping suspicion in a completely anonymous
and secure manner – managed independently by the International Testing Agency (ITA). Every piece of
information is important in the fight for clean sport and through REVEAL you can support the investigation
of anti-doping rule violations or criminal behaviour.
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
Data Privacy
Clean Sport Education
TrueSki Education
ISMF affirms the belief of WADA & UNESCO that education is a central theme of any programme designed to remove doping from sports. A successful programme of anti-doping worldwide can only function with adequate education of athletes and the whole sporting community. The ISMF firmly believes that athletes and their support system should be well aware of all rights, obligations, anti-doping precautions, methods, doping control systems and prohibitive substances. It also reiterates that athletes should be aware of consequences of doping not just in terms of doping code violations and disciplinary measures thereof, but also about the health hazards caused due to doping substances.
The ISMF with help of WADA and other anti-doping agencies will raise awareness about anti-doping in the mountaineering community. ISMF and its member associations are committed to provide the ideal environment for ‘fair play’ and educate every member of the mountaineering community about the harm from doping to the sport and the individual(s) concerned.
If you have any anti-doping queries, please contact anti-doping@ismf-ski.org.
Resources and Links (ITA, WADA, REVEAL, ETC)
Key resources and documents
ISMF Anti-Doping Rules
From 17 November 2022:
Urine and Blood Sample collections
Doping control form
https://www.wada-ama.org/en/resources/world-anti-doping-program/doping-control-form
Result Management
Therapeutic use exemption guidelines
Medical Information to Support the Decisions of TUEs
https://www.wada-ama.org/en/what-we-do/science-medical/therapeutic-use-exemptions
Standard TUE Application Template
https://www.wada-ama.org/en/resources/tue-application-form
International Standars (all documents collected together)
https://www.wada-ama.org/en/what-we-do/international-standards
WADA Documents
- World Anti-Doping Code (Code)
- International Standard for Testing and Investigations (ISTI)
- International Standard for Laboratories (ISL)
- International Standard for Therapeutic Use Exemptions (ISTUE)
- International Standard for the Protection of Privacy and Personal Information (ISPPPI)
- International Standard for Code Compliance by Signatories (ISCCS)
- International Standard for Education (ISE)
- International Standard for Result Management (ISRM)
- The List of Prohibited Substances and Methods (List) / 2025 Prohibited List (2026 Prohibited List)
- Athletes’ Anti-Doping Rights Act(Act)
ADEL: The global Anti-Doping Education and Learning platform by WADA
https://adel.wada-ama.org/learn
ADEL courses for athletes:
- Privacy and Information Security Awareness for Athletes
- Athlete’s Guide to the 2021 Code
- At-a-Glance: Athlete Whereabouts
- At-a-Glance: Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUE)
- At-a-Glance: Anti-Doping Overview
- Dried Blood Spot (DBS) Testing – The Basics
- Factsheet – Glucocorticoid Injections
- ADEL for International-Level Athletes
- Guide to the List 2023
- ADEL for National-Level Athletes
- ADEL for Registered Testing Pool Athletes
- Welcome to Sport Values
- Respect
- Equity
- Inclusion
- ADEL for Talented Level Athletes
- Recertification course for International-Level Athletes/National Level-Athletes
ADEL courses for athlete support personnel:
- ADEL for High Performance Coaches
- Factsheet for Medical Professionals – Glucocorticoid Injection
- ADEL for Medical Professionals
- ADEL for Medical Professionals at Major Games
- ADEL for Parents of Elite Athletes
- Athlete Support Personnel Guide to the Code 2021
- Sport Values in Every Classroom
Further Information
WADA
Court of Arbitration for Sport
https://www.tas-cas.org/en/index.html
Contact Information
Contact information
For any further information and questions in relation to personal information practices, please contact the ITA at privacy@ita.sport or the ISMF.
If you have a doubt as regards to which organization you should apply for a TUE, or as to the recognition process, or any other question about TUEs, please contact: tue@ita.sport.